2.1 use the following units: ampere (A), coulomb (C), joule (J), ohm (Ω), second (s), volt (V), watt (W).
2.2 understand how the use of insulation, double insulation, earthing, fuses and circuitbreakers in a range of domestic appliances.
2.3 understand why a current in a resistor results in the electrical transfer of energy and an increase in temperature, and how this can be used in a variety of domestic contexts
2.4 know and use the relationship:
power = current × voltage
P = I × V or P=VI
and apply the relationship to the selection of appropriate fuses
2.5 use the relationship between energy transferred, current, voltage and time:
energy transferred = current × voltage × time
E = I × V × t OR E =VIt
2.6 know the difference between mains electricity being alternating current (a.c.) and direct current (d.c.) being supplied by a cell or battery.
Resistance Heating: It is useful to think about Power is converted in an oven heating element. P = VI or Ploss = I2R so in this case we are trying to transfer energy to the surroundings as radiation (IR) by heating.
AC v DC: It is useful to look at the flow of electricity from a set of DC cells OR and AC power pack (note the power pack can also give out smoothed DC.
3 Pin Plug: This small equipment board shows what happens if you connect yourself to the wrong parts of a 3 pin plug. It should “burn” or “melt” the fuse this stop the circuit working..
Fuse Wire: This is a bigger version of what happens when too much current in Amperes flows in a circuit.
Transformer Coils: This transformer coil shows what happens when you step down the potential difference and increase the current.
Circuit Breaker: A breaker in this case stops current flowing just like a fuse. However, it relies on an electromagnet which then can be reset when the current returns to normal.
Alarm Bell: This simple application of an electromagnet shows how when the circuit is broken the attraction stops and then the circuit is remade again and the cycle continues.
Electricity Meters and Bills: Everyone needs to know how to read one and understand what you pay and why!
Generation of AC: At the Hoover Dam we generate AC electricity, this video explains why it is AC
National Grid: A short video to explain how the energy is delivered to our homes.
Resistance heating with SMEG cooking element
Disclaimer: please never try this at home 40A from a cooker will kill you on first touch!
This is a video to show you how a cooker element transformed energy via ...electrical mechanisms to Infra Red radiation which cooks your food. This element is usually covered by a plate which I took out to change the element and do a deep oven clean.
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Resistance heating with SMEG cooking element
Disclaimer: please never try this at home 40A from a cooker will kill you [...]
Disclaimer: please never try this at home 40A from a cooker will kill you on first touch!
This is a video to show you how a cooker element transformed energy via ...electrical mechanisms to Infra Red radiation which cooks your food. This element is usually covered by a plate which I took out to change the element and do a deep oven clean.
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Alternating Current v Direct Current GCSE
This is a simple video to show electrical current with an AC and then DC [...]
This is a simple video to show electrical current with an AC and then DC source. You can see how the alternating current is a wave which has a frequency ...of 50Hz and direct current is just steady.
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3 Pin Plug Demo
This is a simple demo which clearly shows how a 3 Pin Plug works. You can [...]
This is a simple demo which clearly shows how a 3 Pin Plug works.
You can see the concept of a fuse and Earthing.
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Fuse wire melting
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Transformer Melting a Nail
This video is a bit of fun. If you take a 13A 230V primary connection on [...]
This video is a bit of fun. If you take a 13A 230V primary connection on 800 turns and reduce N to just 5 turns the current increase is to ...about 2000A.
This means the nail will....
Very dangerous to touch and this would kill you. So take care!
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Circuit Breaker
This is a great video to show a thermal circuit break works and bimetallic [...]
This is a great video to show a thermal circuit break works and bimetallic strip function. Both are required concepts for GCSE Physics for Mechanical Circuit Breakers or MCBs
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Alarm bell example of Electromagnets
How does an alarm bell work? Watch the slow motion video?
How does an alarm bell work? Watch the slow motion video?
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How to Read Your Electric Meter and Submit a Reading - British Gas
How to read an electric meter and submit an accurate reading to ensure you [...]
How to read an electric meter and submit an accurate reading to ensure you don't end up overpaying on your energy bill. Discover more energy saving tips here: http://bit.ly/bgenergytips or ...subscribe to our YouTube channel: http://goo.gl/Bv7M2D
You can submit your electricity reading online or on the British Gas App, online, by phone or via text. Your meter is usually located in a tucked away place, like under the stairs or if you live in an apartment building they may be located in shared space, such as the hallways. Here's how to read different types of electricity meters:
Single Rate Meter You need the first five digits, reading from right to left, so you can ignore the last one which might be highlighted in red.
Two Rate Meter You'll need the first five digit numbers from both rows, reading from left to right, so you can ignore the last number in red again.
Two Rate Single Display Meter You'll need both five digit numbers, reading from left to right. Some meters will automatically switch between the two numbers, while others you will need to push a button to switch between the two.
Dial Meter You'll need to read the first five dials from left to right and make a note of the number the pointer is indicating. If the pointer is in the middle, note down the lower number. Remember to check which way the numbers are going as they may differentiate between dials.
Building, construction, and design is thoroughly explained.
Building, construction, and design is thoroughly explained.
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Power Stations & The National Grid | Electricity | Physics | FuseSchool
The flick of a switch, that’s how easy it is to get electricity, right? If [...]
The flick of a switch, that’s how easy it is to get electricity, right? If you’re one of the lucky ones, then yes. But in 2017 there are still over 1 billion ...people who do not have access to electricity.
In this video we will discuss how electricity is generated and transferred to our homes, for those of us fortunate enough to have it.
There are a variety of ways in which electricity is generated or made.
How many can you think of?
Solar panels, Wind turbines, Biomass, hydroelectric, nuclear and fossil fuels And then there is also geothermal energy, tidal power and wave power as well.
Except for burning fossil fuels and nuclear, the rest are renewable sources of energy.
Currently about 80% of the world’s energy comes from fossil fuels. First, we’re going to have a look at burning fossil fuels in power stations, to generate energy.
And then we’ll look at the national grid - which is relevant for both non-renewable and renewable energies.
Fossil fuels in power stations.
Most power stations use coal as an energy source, and they work in the following way.
Coal is burned in a power station. The heat produced as the coal burns is used to heat water. The water boils and turns into steam. This steam is used to turn the blades of a turbine. A turbine looks like a fan or a wind turbine. The turbine turns a generator. Inside, wires turn within magnets to generate electricity.
So that was a fossil fuel power station.
These next steps are for energy generated from any source - whether it’s fossil fuels or renewable like wind-powered substations or biomass fuelled.
The electricity, whether renewable or not, is passed through transformers and wires, within the national grid, that carries it to our homes.
So, what exactly is the National Grid?
The National Grid is a system of cables and transformers linking power stations to consumers.
Have you ever felt an electrical wire and noticed it gets hot? This is because some energy travelling through the wire is lost as heat. In order to lose as little energy as possible, transformers are used.
When the electricity leaves the power station it passes through a step-up transformer. Power station @ 25,000 V
A step-up transformer increases the voltage and reduces the current. National grid cables @ 275,000 V
Reducing the current makes the transfer of electricity more efficient, as less energy is lost as heat. Before the electricity gets to our homes, the voltage needs to be reduced back down to a safe level. The electricity therefore passes through a step down transformer. Household @ 230 V
So, now you know how electricity is generated and sent to our homes, it’s not quite as simple as flicking a switch. Quite a lot of infrastructure is needed.
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Q3 2B Mains Electricity June 2018 iGCSE Physics
This is a quick video walkthrough of an Edexcel exam question. It is [...]
This is a quick video walkthrough of an Edexcel exam question. It is designed so you can look at questions which relate to questions from specific parts of the course.
It ...is taken from a real paper and I have used a real mark scheme which I have adapted for on-screen use. If you listen carefully it will give you a really good idea of what an examiner is looking for.
Permanent link to this article: https://www.animatedscience.co.uk/igcse-physics-introduction-and-resources/2-electricity-part-a-units/2-electricity-part-b-mains-electricity
